UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 6-K

Report of Foreign Private Issuer Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16

Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the Month of June 2021

001-36203

(Commission File Number)

CAN-FITE BIOPHARMA LTD.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

10 Bareket Street

Kiryat Matalon, P.O. Box 7537

Petach-Tikva 4951778, Israel

(Address of principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

Form 20-F þ Form 40-F ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1): ____

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7): ____

The first paragraph of the press release attached to this Form 6-K is hereby incorporated by reference into the registrant’s Registration Statements on Form S-8 (File No. 333-227753) and Form F-3 (File Nos. 333-195124, 333-236064, and 333-249063), to be a part thereof from the date on which this report is submitted, to the extent not superseded by documents or reports subsequently filed or furnished.

On June 28, 2021, Can-Fite BioPharma Ltd. issued a press release entitled “Can-Fite Enters Projected $3 Billion Veterinary Osteoarthritis Market: Signs Agreement with Vetbiolix for Development of Piclidenoson for Pets”. A copy of this press release is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1 and is incorporated herein by reference.

Exhibit Index

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

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